In recent years, Italian aqueducts are experiencing a moment of great criticality, a situation that is progressively worsening and which is requiring the need to intervene with urgent solutions.

These lie in adopting new technologies such as: remote reading and remote control.

Smart metering systems bring a reduction in reading costs, the opportunity to carry out checks often and independently and the possibility of managing the network automatically and remotely. The most cutting-edge technologies for the implementation of an Internet of Things (IoT) are the networks: LoRaWAN and NBIoT. LoRaWAN was created to facilitate the development of networks with very limited data exchange and very low energy consumption.

Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT or LTE Cat NB1) is a radio standard, developed to enable the connection of a wide range of devices and services, using cellular telecommunications bands.